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Meds That how treat anxiety and depression Anxiety

Anxiety is among the most frequent mental health conditions that affects 40 million adults in the United States. Many types of medications are available to treat it.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These drugs can also be used to treat depression and relieve symptoms of other anxiety disorders like obsessive compulsive disorder. It could take up to one month for them to start working.

These drugs increase the amount of certain chemical messengers in the brain, including serotonin and norepinephrine. They're usually the first treatment option for anxiety, however doctors also employ other kinds of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants, such as duloxetine (Cymbalta), and venlafaxine (Effexor) are also used to treat anxiety. They operate a bit differently than SSRIs, as they also reduce the reabsorption rate of norepinephrine and serotonin, though at lower levels than SSRIs. They may take a few days to take effect, and they also are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, notably GAD. Their drowsiness, as well as other side effects, make them less popular. Another form of antidepressant is monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs), can also be used to combat anxiety. Their high toxicity risk and restrictions on diets limit their use.

Benzodiazepines are often used to combat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term, such as when waiting for SSRIs or SNRIs to take effect. These medications can cause tolerance, sedation and addiction and withdrawal reactions that include rebound anxiety, depression and even delusions. Benzodiazepines are typically found in alprazolam as well as clonazepam and lorazepam.

Therapy is an essential part of any anxiety treatment plan. It aids you in better be aware of your symptoms and reasons. Many people find that both therapy and medication can help them manage their anxiety. In fact, some studies suggest that cognitive behavioral therapy works just as well as medications for anxiety. Talk with your doctor about your options and determine what is the best treatment for social anxiety disorder option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming affect, reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tense. They also alleviate symptoms of bodily stress related to fear (like heart rate or shaking) and encourage sleep.

The way they function is by binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters like gamma-aminobutryic acid, or GABA and interacting with receptors in the central nervous system. They enhance GABA's effects by facilitating the inhibitory effect of GABA on other neurotransmitters, and by reducing the volume of messages sent to amygdala. This is a part of the brain that evaluates the threat and triggers a feeling of anxiety.

These drugs can be used for short periods of time like when panic attacks occur or if you are experiencing extreme anxiety. They can help relieve symptoms in 30 to 60 minutes. Unlike SSRIs, benzodiazepines don't remain in the body for long. They're quick-acting and typically work in a matter of hours, making them suitable for situations in which quick relief is needed (like on a plane flight or before an event in public).

They are addictive, which is why people are generally only prescribed them for a maximum of 4 weeks at each time. After that period they also cease to be effective.

One of the main reasons why benzodiazepines are so popular is that they are safe and have minimal side effects compared to their predecessors like barbiturates and meprobamate. They have a quick time to begin their action and are extremely effective as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety), sedatives, anticonvulsants, as well as for muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, including the minimization of the disorder and the perception that benzodiazepine treatments result in physical dependence. However the fact that benzodiazepines play a crucial role in the treatment for anxiety disorders, particularly when combined with psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other medications and trigger unwanted side effects, such as drowsiness, confusion or drowsiness. It is important to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription, or herbal medication you currently use or are planning to take. You can find out which medications are safe to take with benzodiazepines by looking up the British National Formulary A-Z list of medication interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can help ease anxiety and other mental health issues. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved a variety of antidepressants for other health conditions as well, including eating disorders, certain kinds of pain and bipolar disorder.

SSRIs are usually prescribed as a first-line alternative treatment for depression and anxiety of anxiety by doctors, but they might not be effective for all people. If they aren't working doctors might try the older type of antidepressant, known as tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants. They include amitriptyline, nortriptyline, as well as Clomipramine. These antidepressants are less common but still available. Your doctor can also prescribe the antidepressant that sedates, Trazodone (Desyrel) at lower doses for sleep or anxiety.

Nefazodone, also referred to as Ferdinand (Cymbalta) and duloxetine can also be helpful. They are also available in generic form. If they aren't working, your physician may suggest the sedating antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics olanzapine and quetiapine.

Medications for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which decrease the blood pressure and heart rate by preventing the action of adrenaline. These drugs aren't usually used to treat anxiety by themselves however they can be helpful when combined with psychological therapy.

Psychotherapy can help you to change negative thoughts and behavior that cause anxiety. It can teach you to control your anxiety and learn coping skills. Based on the severity of your situation, you may receive exposure or cognitive behavioural therapy. Cognitive behavioural therapy teaches you to overcome negative and fearful thoughts and overcome your fear of situations which trigger anxiety. Exposure therapy involves increasing the intensity of anxiety-inducing situations until they are manageable. This can be done individually or in small groups. In both cases, results can take a while to show. Some people find that a combination of psychotherapy and medication is the best medication to treat anxiety and depression option. Some people find that taking medication alone is enough to control symptoms. Discuss with your doctor how to treat anxiety without meds you manage your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

Other medications can also help alleviate your symptoms. Beta blockers, antihistamines and buspirone are often prescribed to alleviate anxiety symptoms treatment.

These medications can help alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that trigger anxiety and stress. However, they're not the only solution. You'll still need to do other things to control anxiety, such as exercises or relaxation techniques, as well as psychological therapy.

The SSRIs or SNRIs are often the most commonly prescribed anxiety medications that your doctor can prescribe. These are the most effective medications to treat anxiety disorders, according to research studies. SSRIs are commonly found in sertraline (Zoloft) and the fluoxetine, citalopram and escitalopram. These drugs can cause mild side effects like nausea and insomnia, but these tend to subside within 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive and they do not increase the likelihood of suicidal ideas.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief for anxiety and panic attacks, but they can have adverse effects, such as dizziness, drowsiness and coordination issues, as well as dependence. They're less well-known than the older barbiturates, but they're just as efficient.

Antihistamines like Vistaril (hydroxyzine), were developed to relieve allergies, but they're also sometimes used to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine may have a relaxing affect by blocking histamine receptors. It is not a controlled drug, so it does not carry the same addiction risks as benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are another type of medication which can be used to treat anxiety. They have been found to reduce anxiety by interfering in the production and release of dopamine as well as sérotonin. These medications may be used as part of a combination therapy or used to treat anxiety in the short-term. Your doctor will examine your health history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are appropriate for you. They will also discuss the duration of time you'll need these medications and any adverse effects that could occur. Anxiety medications are only available on prescription, which means you'll need to see a psychiatrist before you can get these medications.